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Surprising

EmergentExploring new forms of socio-cognitive AI that complement individual and collective human intelligence

Collaborative

Generative

Sentient?

Networked

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Vision.

At the University of Chicago, we're exploring new forms of socio-cognitive AI that complements the individual and collective human intelligence with which the world is familiar.

Intelligence is not a linear spectrum, but a multidimensional landscape where diverse forms of thinking coexist, whether among humans, animals, or artificial agents.

Our initiative places social and cognitive dimensions at the core of AI, moving beyond the quest to automate human tasks or build superintelligent machines.

We are discovering new forms of socio-cognitive AI: systems capable of genuine collective thinking, social reasoning, and collaborative discovery.

Research.

Can AI Do Science?

Wilma Bainbridge, Akram Bakkour, Yuan Chang Leong, Monica Rosenberg

This project tests whether LLMs can generate end-to-end scientific discoveries—from forming hypotheses to collecting and interpreting new data—both alone and as coordinated “AI lab” teams.

Explainable AI through Modularity (XAIM): AI Reviewers to Vet AI-Driven Labs

Marc Berman, Hank Hoffmann, and Alfred Chao

The team will build “explainable AI through modularity” so AI systems can make interpretable, feature-aware decisions and audit AI-driven hypothesis generation and automated experimentation.

Enhancing AI Scientists with Automated Research Platforms

Chenhao Tan (computer science), Ari Holtzman (computer science), Austin Kozlowski (sociology), Xiaoyan Bai (computer science).

This project strengthens LLMs as scientific collaborators by improving their hypothesis generation, critique, and teamwork via automated research platforms and pipelines.

Harnessing the Economic Power of AI Forecasting: A Case Study through Prophet Arena

James Evans, Alec Sun, Jibang Wu, Haifeng Xu

Using Prophet Arena, the project develops theory and back-tests strategies for converting AI forecasts plus market consensus into risk-aware, profit-maximizing decisions.

Absence Blindness in LLMs: Understanding what LLMs don’t see and why

Ari Holtzman (Computer Science), Chenhao Tan (Computer Science)

The team investigates why LLMs struggle to notice missing information and tests whether targeted interventions can fix this “absence blindness” or if it is architectural.

Theory of Robot Mind: Modeling Mind Attribution in Human-Robot Interactions

Yuan Chang Leong, Ren Calabro, Sarah Sebo and Tess Flanagan

This research builds a mechanistic account of how people attribute beliefs and intentions to robots, explaining when and why “mind” is inferred from robot behavior.

Beyond Linear Probes: Characterizing the Geometry and Topology of Knowledge

James Evans, Shiyang Lai, Jerry Luo, Yijing Li, Weiyi Tian

The project characterizes the non-Euclidean geometry and topology of LLM representation spaces to improve interpretability, diagnostics, and activation-level interventions.

Toward Artificial Intelligence for Human Memory

Nakwon Rim, Mina Lee, Marc Berman and Yuan Chang Leong

This study tests how different AI writing/support conditions affect short- and long-term human memory, identifying designs that enhance learning rather than diminish it.

Modeling Linguistic Surprise Across Humans and AI During Narrative Understanding

Ziwei Zhang, Yuan Chang Leong, Monica D. Rosenberg

The project compares how humans and LLMs encode “surprise” in narratives to reverse-engineer event expectation building and updating in people.

When Does a Gesture Become a Gesture? Toward Embodied AI That Teaches Through the Body

Pedro Lopes, Susan-Goldin Meadow, Yun Ho, and Marine Wang

This project creates embodied AI that teaches by guiding learners’ movements—using gesture as a mechanism for reasoning and conceptual change.

Discovering Optimal Structural Forms for Collective Exploration and Exploitation

Xuechunzi Bai, James Evans, Haifeng Xu

The team models how hierarchy can emerge endogenously in multi-agent systems under uncertainty and communication costs, and how that structure shapes collective exploration vs. exploitation.

Sensory Evolution and Robot Ethnography

James Evans, Pedro Lopes, Leslie Kay, Susan Goldin-Meadow, Junsol Kim, Austin Kozlowski

Project SENSUS explores how AI/robots can develop new sensory capacities, drawing on evolutionary biology, cognitive science, and observational practices.

Debiasing Humans: AI-Mediated Language Interventions in Hiring Contexts

Mina Lee and Xuechunzi Bai

The project tests whether real-time AI writing interventions can reduce gender bias in hiring by shifting evaluators’ language and underlying judgments during decision-making.

Searching Beyond the Manifold

Jason Salavon, James Evans, Yangyu Wang, Yangjing Li

This project studies and prototypes AI creativity that goes beyond remixing by modeling how social learning and network structure enable exploration into genuinely novel conceptual space.

Exploring Persona Space

Austin Kozlowski, James Evans, Ari Holtzman

This project maps and manipulates the personas LLMs can adopt to understand how perspective shapes representations, concepts, and the tendency toward uniform “persona collapse.”

AI-Enhanced Labs:

Collaboration.

Collaborative AI is at the heart of our vision—a new framework for artificial intelligence systems that think, reason, and create alongside humans.

Rather than seeking to replicate individual human intelligence, we focus on developing AI that can actively participate in the social and cognitive dynamics of groups, institutions, and collective intellectual enterprises. Our research explores:

  • Human-AI Collectives: Designing systems in which human and artificial minds cooperate, forming emergent cognitive systems that transcend individual capabilities.
  • Socio-Cognitive Partnership: Building AI that engages in social reasoning, senses tension, navigates ambiguity, and collaborates meaningfully in contexts such as classrooms, boardrooms, and laboratories.
  • Preserving Cognitive Diversity: Ensuring that AI systems do not homogenize thought but instead amplify and celebrate the diversity of human perspectives.
  • Collaborative Discovery: Fostering new forms of knowledge creation through joint human-AI exploration of scientific and cultural frontiers.

Contact.

Connect with Socio Cognitive AI.

We welcome inquiries, partnerships, and new ideas from researchers, students, and organizations redefining intelligence.

Whether you're interested in joining our team, sharing your perspective, proposing a project, or learning more about our work, your message is the start of something novel.

Contact novel-sociocognitive-ai@uchicago.edu